Scientific research and development (PKD division 72)2007
Industry statistics (2025)
Number of companies
Companies
61,673
Companies (primary PKD)
4,951
Companies with financials
2,259
Business turnover
Legal structure
Legal formShare of companiesNumber of companies
- Sp. z o.o.57.8%2,863
- JDG23.6%1,166
- Foundation9.1%452
- Association2.1%106
- Other2.0%101
- S.A.2.0%97
- P.S.A.1.7%86
- Sp. k.0.8%39
- Sp. j.0.5%27
- Sp. p.0.1%3
Financial results
Median revenue
Ranking
Median revenue compared with other PKD codes.
Top companies by revenue
| # | Company | Legal form | Revenue | Net profit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Research institute | USD 809.70m | USD 24.46m | |
| 2 | sp. z o.o. | USD 464.04m | USD 53.24m | |
| 3 | Research institute | USD 415.31m | USD -2.38m | |
| 4 | Research institute | USD 354.37m | USD 14.67k | |
| 5 | Research institute | USD 247.20m | USD -980.91k | |
| 6 | Research institute | USD 208.09m | USD -15.42m | |
| 7 | Research institute | USD 205.93m | USD 15.93m | |
| 8 | Research institute | USD 145.92m | USD -6.76m | |
| 9 | Research institute | USD 123.00m | USD -274.35k | |
| 10 | Research institute | USD 121.08m | USD -4.73m |
Fastest-growing companies
| # | Company | Legal form | Revenue | Y/Y growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sp. z o.o. | USD 4.01m | +1,165.7% y/y | |
| 2 | sp. z o.o. | USD 915.04k | +909.8% y/y | |
| 3 | S.A. | USD 2.98m | +890.1% y/y | |
| 4 | sp. z o.o. | USD 5.88m | +829.8% y/y | |
| 5 | sp. z o.o. | USD 2.15m | +827.1% y/y | |
| 6 | sp. z o.o. | USD 1.70m | +589.7% y/y | |
| 7 | sp. z o.o. | USD 8.33m | +551.1% y/y | |
| 8 | S.K.A. | USD 732.63k | +444.0% y/y | |
| 9 | sp. z o.o. | USD 1.38m | +442.8% y/y | |
| 10 | sp. z o.o. | USD 418.75k | +418.3% y/y |
Stock market
No companies from this industry are listed.
PKD codes in division 72
FAQ
The primary industry for 4,951 companies is scientific research and development. 2,259 entities have filed financial statements.
In 2024, 347 new companies with PKD 72 were registered. In all of 2023, there were 399 such companies.
In 2024, 13 companies with PKD 72 were deregistered. In all of 2023, there were 10 such companies.
In 2025, the median revenue for PKD 72 was USD 93.94k and the mean revenue was USD 3.97m, based on 1,510 financial statements. Averages and medians include only companies that file financial statements, excluding sole proprietorships.
Yes, in 2025, the median net profit was USD 729.00, an improvement on 2024 (USD 51.00). Among all 626 PKD divisions in Poland, it ranks 562nd, placing it among the weakest 10%.
The most common legal form for PKD 72 is sp. z o.o., used by 2,863 companies in this industry (57.8% of the total). In second place is a sole proprietorship (1,166 companies, 23.6%), and in third place – a foundation (452 companies, 9.1%).











